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Economists have found that union workers earn about 30 to 40 percent more than similar workers who do not belong to unions.

A) True
B) False

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Structural unemployment is often thought to explain relatively long spells of unemployment.

A) True
B) False

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In June 2009 the BLS reported an adult population of 234.9 million, a labor force of 154 million and employment of 141.6 million. Based on these numbers the unemployment rate was


A) 93.3/234.9.
B) 12.4/234.9.
C) 93.3/154.
D) 12.4/154.

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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Adults who were waiting to be recalled to a job from which they had been laid off are included in the Bureau of Labor Statistics' "employed" category.

A) True
B) False

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The labor force equals the sum of the employed and the unemployed.

A) True
B) False

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Suppose that because of the popularity of the low-carb diet, bakeries need fewer workers and steak houses need more workers. The unemployment created by this change is


A) frictional unemployment created by efficiency wages.
B) frictional unemployment created by sectoral shifts.
C) structural unemployment created by efficiency wages.
D) structural unemployment created by sectoral shifts.

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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Unemployment insurance reduces hardships of unemployment but also increases the amount of structural unemployment.

A) True
B) False

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The unemployment rate reported by the Bureau of Labor Statistics clearly understates the true unemployment rate.

A) True
B) False

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In 2009, based on concepts similar to those used to estimate U.S. employment figures, the Italian adult non-institutionalized population was 51.070 million, the labor force was 24.710 million, and the number of people employed was 22.765 million. According to these numbers, the Italian labor-force participation rate and unemployment rate were about


A) 48.4% and 7.9%.
B) 48.4% and 3.8%.
C) 44.6% and 7.9%
D) 44.6% and 3.8%

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Frictional unemployment is often thought to explain relatively short spells of unemployment.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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Minimum-wage laws and unions are similar to each other but different from efficiency wages in that minimum-wage law and unions


A) cause unemployment, but efficiency wages do not.
B) cause the quantity of labor supplied to exceed the quantity of labor demanded, but efficiency wages do not.
C) cause wages to be above the equilibrium level.
D) prevent firms from lowering wages in the presence of a surplus of workers.

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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Within the U.S., blacks have higher rates of unemployment than whites.

A) True
B) False

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Table 10-5 2010 Labor Data for Tajnia Table 10-5 2010 Labor Data for Tajnia    -Refer to Table 10-5. The total adult population of Tajnia in 2010 is 30,000. -Refer to Table 10-5. The total adult population of Tajnia in 2010 is 30,000.

A) True
B) False

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The National Labor Relations Board


A) enforces antitrust laws against unions.
B) enforces workers' rights to unionize.
C) acts as a union's representative in collective bargaining.
D) is required to approve all collective bargaining agreements before they can be enforced.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Most job search in the U.S. economy takes place with the help of the government.

A) True
B) False

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An increase in the minimum wage


A) reduces structural unemployment.
B) reduces frictional unemployment,
C) increases structural unemployment.
D) increases fricitional unemployment.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Most spells of unemployment are long, and most unemployment observed at any given time is long-term.

A) True
B) False

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When a union raises the wage above the equilibrium level,


A) the quantity of labor supplied and unemployment both rise.
B) the quantity of labor supplied and unemployment both fall.
C) the quantity of labor supplied rises and unemployment falls.
D) the quantity of labor supplied falls and unemployment rises.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Correct Answer

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The Bureau of Labor Statistics produces data on unemployment and other aspects of the labor market from a regular survey of about


A) 600 households.
B) 6,000 households.
C) 60,000 households.
D) 6,000,000 households.

E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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Because people move into and out of the labor force so often, statistics on unemployment are difficult to interpret.

A) True
B) False

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