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If a bank has a reserve ratio of 8 percent, then


A) government regulation requires the bank to use at least 8 percent of its deposits to make loans.
B) the bank's ratio of loans to deposits is 8 percent.
C) the bank keeps 8 percent of its deposits as reserves and loans out the rest.
D) the bank keeps 8 percent of its assets as reserves and loans out the rest.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Table 29-9 Metropolis National Bank is currently holding 2% of its deposits as excess reserves. Table 29-9 Metropolis National Bank is currently holding 2% of its deposits as excess reserves.    -Refer to Table 29-9. Metropolis National Bank is holding 2% of its deposits as excess reserves. Assume that no banks in the economy want to maintain holdings of excess reserves and that people only hold deposits and no currency. The Fed makes open market purchases of $10,000. The person who sold bonds to the Fed deposits all the funds in Metropolis National Bank. If the bank now loans out all its excess reserves, by how much will the money supply increase? A)  $190,000 B)  $200,000 C)  $240,000 D)  None of the above are correct. -Refer to Table 29-9. Metropolis National Bank is holding 2% of its deposits as excess reserves. Assume that no banks in the economy want to maintain holdings of excess reserves and that people only hold deposits and no currency. The Fed makes open market purchases of $10,000. The person who sold bonds to the Fed deposits all the funds in Metropolis National Bank. If the bank now loans out all its excess reserves, by how much will the money supply increase?


A) $190,000
B) $200,000
C) $240,000
D) None of the above are correct.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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The Fed's control of the money supply is not precise because


A) Congress can also make changes to the money supply.
B) there are not always government bonds available for purchase when the Fed wants to perform open-market operations.
C) the Fed does not know where all U.S. currency is located.
D) the amount of money in the economy depends in part on the behavior of depositors and bankers.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

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If the money multiplier is 3 and the Fed buys $50,000 worth of bonds, what happens to the money supply?


A) it increases by $100,000
B) it increases by $150,000
C) it decreases by $100,000
D) it decreases by $200,000

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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Liquidity refers to


A) the ease with which an asset is converted to the medium of exchange.
B) the measurement of the intrinsic value of commodity money.
C) the measurement of the durability of a good.
D) how many time a dollar circulates in a given year.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Suppose the required reserve ratio is 20%. What is the maximum amount of total money supply that can be created from an initial deposit of $200? In general, why might the actual amount of total money creation be less than the maximum?

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The money multiplier is the reciprocal o...

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A bank's reserve ratio is 8 percent and the bank has $1,000 in deposits. Its reserves amount to


A) $8.
B) $80.
C) $92.
D) $920.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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Describe the role of bank leverage in bank insolvency during times of falling asset prices.

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As bank asset values fall, the effect on...

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If the reserve ratio is 5 percent, then $1,000 of additional reserves can create up to


A) $5,500 of new money.
B) $5,000 of new money.
C) $4,000 of new money.
D) None of the above is correct.

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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The interest rate that the Fed charges banks that borrow reserves from it is the


A) federal funds rate.
B) discount rate.
C) reserve requirement.
D) prime rate.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Which type of money has intrinsic value?


A) commodity money
B) fiat money
C) both commodity money and fiat money
D) neither commodity money nor fiat money

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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Which of the following is included in both M1 and M2?


A) currency
B) demand deposits
C) other checkable deposits
D) All of the above are correct.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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The banking system currently has $100 billion of reserves, none of which are excess. People hold only deposits and no currency, and the reserve requirement is 10 percent. If the Fed lowers the reserve requirement to 5 percent and at the same time buys $10 billion worth of bonds, then by how much does the money supply change?


A) It rises by $200 billion.
B) It rises by $800 billion.
C) It rises by $1,200 billion.
D) None of the above is correct.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Table 29-3. An economy starts with $50,000 in currency. All of this currency is deposited into a single bank, and the bank then makes loans totaling $45,750. The T-account of the bank is shown below. Table 29-3. An economy starts with $50,000 in currency. All of this currency is deposited into a single bank, and the bank then makes loans totaling $45,750. The T-account of the bank is shown below.    -Refer to Table 29-3. If all banks in the economy have the same reserve ratio as this bank, then the value of the economy's money multiplier is A)  9.33. B)  1.09. C)  10.76. D)  11.76. -Refer to Table 29-3. If all banks in the economy have the same reserve ratio as this bank, then the value of the economy's money multiplier is


A) 9.33.
B) 1.09.
C) 10.76.
D) 11.76.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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The existence of money leads to


A) greater specialization in production, but not to a higher standard of living.
B) a higher standard of living, but not to greater specialization.
C) greater specialization and to a higher standard of living.
D) neither greater specialization nor to a higher standard of living.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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The federal funds rate is a long-term interest rate banks charge one another for loans.

A) True
B) False

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The manager of the bank where you work tells you that the bank has $400 million in deposits and $340 million dollars in loans. The Fed then raises the reserve requirement from 5 percent to 10 percent. Assuming everything else stays the same, how much is the bank holding in excess reserves after the increase in the reserve requirement?


A) $0
B) $20 million
C) $40 million
D) $60 million

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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In the special case of the 100 percent-reserve banking, the money multiplier is


A) 1 and banks create money.
B) 1 and banks do not create money.
C) 2 and banks create money
D) 2 and banks do not create money.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Economists use the word "money" to refer to


A) income generated by the production of goods and services.
B) those assets regularly used to buy goods and services.
C) financial assets such as stocks and bonds.
D) any type of wealth.

E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

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How are Federal Reserve Board Governors selected?

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The Fed Governors are appointed by the p...

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