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The confidence you have that a retailer will accept dollars in exchange for goods is based primarily on money


A) being a unit of account.
B) being a medium of exchange.
C) serving as a store of value.
D) having intrinsic value.

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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Reserves decrease if the Federal Reserve


A) raises the discount rate or auctions more credit.
B) raises the discount rate but not if it auctions more credit.
C) lowers the discount rate or auctions more credit.
D) lowers the discount rate but not if it auctions more credit.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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If the reserve ratio is 5 percent, then $500 of additional reserves can create up to


A) $10,500 of new money.
B) $10,000 of new money.
C) $9,500 of new money.
D) $2,500 of new money.

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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The discount rate is


A) the rate at which public banks lend to other public banks.
B) the rate at which the Fed lends to banks.
C) the percentage difference between the face value of a Treasury bond and what the Fed pays for it.
D) the percentage of deposits banks hold as excess reserves.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Which list ranks assets from most to least liquid?


A) money, bonds, cars, houses
B) money, cars, houses, bonds
C) bonds, money, cars, houses
D) bonds, cars, money, houses

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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If the reserve requirement is 10 percent, a bank desires to hold no excess reserves, and it receives a new deposit of $500, it


A) must increase required reserves by $50.
B) will initially see reserves increase by $500.
C) will be able to use this deposit to make new loans amounting to $450.
D) All of the above are correct.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Which of the following defer payments?


A) credit cards and debit cards
B) neither credit cards nor debit cards
C) credit cards but not debit cards
D) debit cards but not credit cards

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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The federal funds rate is the interest rate that


A) banks charge one another for loans.
B) banks charge the Fed for loans.
C) the Fed charges banks for loans.
D) the Fed charges Congress for loans.

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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Traveler's checks are included in


A) M1 but not M2.
B) M2 but not M1.
C) M1 and M2.
D) neither M1 nor M2.

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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When the Soviet Union began breaking up in the late 1980s, cigarettes began replacing the ruble as the medium of exchange even though the ruble was legal tender. The cigarettes provide an example of commodity money.

A) True
B) False

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If the Federal Reserve increases the interest rate on bank deposits at the Fed, banks will want to hold


A) fewer reserves, so the money multiplier will fall.
B) fewer reserves, so the money multiplier will rise.
C) more reserves, so the money multiplier will fall.
D) more reserves, so the money multiplier will rise.

E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

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Which of the following institutions is a central bank?


A) the Bank of Japan
B) the Bank of England
C) the Federal Reserve System
D) All of the above are correct.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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M1 includes


A) currency.
B) demand deposits.
C) traveler's checks.
D) All of the above are correct.

E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

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A bank has a 20 percent reserve requirement, $8,000 in loans, and has loaned out all it can given the reserve requirement.


A) It has $6,400 in deposits.
B) It has $10,000 in deposits.
C) It has $9,600 in deposits.
D) It has $1,600 in deposits.

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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Because of the multiple tools at its disposal, the Fed can control the money supply very precisely.

A) True
B) False

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The banking system currently has $200 billion of reserves, none of which are excess. People hold only deposits and no currency, and the reserve requirement is 4 percent. If the Fed raises the reserve requirement to 10 percent and at the same time buys $50 billion worth of bonds, then by how much does the money supply change?


A) It rises by $600 billion.
B) It rises by $125 billion.
C) It falls by $2,500 billion.
D) None of the above is correct.

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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One of the features of money is its store of value. However, most people do not hold their wealth as currency. Given that currency is the most liquid type of asset, why don't people hold all their wealth as currency?

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Currency is not a perfect store of value...

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During the early 1930s there were a number of bank failures in the United States. What did this do to the money supply? The New York Federal Reserve Bank advocated open market purchases. Would these purchases have reversed the change in the money supply and helped banks? Explain.

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Bank failures cause people to lose confi...

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In Ugoland, the money supply is $8 million and reserves are $1 million. Assuming that people hold only deposits and no currency, and that banks hold no excess reserves, then the reserve requirement is


A) 14 percent.
B) 12.5 percent.
C) 8 percent.
D) None of the above is correct.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Which of the following is correct?


A) A bank's deposits at the Federal Reserve counts as part of the bank's reserves. The Federal Reserve pays interest on these deposits.
B) A bank's deposits at the Federal Reserve counts as part of the bank's reserves. The Federal Reserve does not pay interest on these deposits.
C) A bank's deposits at the Federal Reserve does not count as part of the bank's reserves. The Federal Reserve pays interest on these deposits.
D) A bank's deposits at the Federal Reserve does not count as part of the bank's reserves. The Federal Reserve does not pay interest on these deposits.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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