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Scenario 15-1 Consider a transportation corporation named Reading's that has just completed the development of a new light rail system in Minneapolis. Currently, there are plenty of seats on the train, and it is never crowded. Its capacity far exceeds the needs of the city. After just a few years of operation, the shareholders of Reading's experienced incredibly high rates of return on their investment due to the profitability of the corporation. -Refer to Scenario 15-1. Which of the following statements is most likely to be true? currently has.


A) (i) and (ii) only
B) (ii) and (iii) only
C) (i) and (iii) only
D) (i) , (ii) , and (iii)

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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Monopolists can achieve any level of profit they desire because they have unlimited market power.

A) True
B) False

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A firm that is a natural monopoly


A) is not likely to be concerned about new entrants eroding its monopoly power.
B) is taking advantage of economies of scale.
C) would experience a higher average total cost if more firms entered the market.
D) All of the above are correct.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Which of the following is not correct?


A) The demand curve facing a competitive firm is perfectly elastic.
B) The demand curve facing a monopolist is the market demand curve.
C) A monopolist can charge any price and sell any quantity that it chooses.
D) A monopolist can alter the market price by adjusting the quantity that it produces.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Antitrust laws may


A) enhance the ability of firms to capture profits from a concentration of market power.
B) enhance the ability of firms to reduce economic losses.
C) restrict the ability of firms to operate at the socially efficient level of production.
D) restrict the ability of firms to merge.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Comparing firms in perfectly competitive markets to monopoly firms, which produces more output?

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perfectly ...

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Figure 15-6 Figure 15-6   -Refer to Figure 15-6. What area measures the monopolist's profit? A)  (K-C) *W B)  (L-A) *T C)  (K-B) *W D)  0.5[(K-C) *(Z-T) ] -Refer to Figure 15-6. What area measures the monopolist's profit?


A) (K-C) *W
B) (L-A) *T
C) (K-B) *W
D) 0.5[(K-C) *(Z-T) ]

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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For a monopolist, marginal revenue is


A) positive when the demand effect is greater than the supply effect.
B) positive when the monopoly effect is greater than the competitive effect.
C) negative when the price effect is greater than the output effect.
D) negative when the output effect is greater than the price effect.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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If a monopolist can sell 7 units when the price is $4 and 8 units when the price is $3, then the marginal revenue of selling the eighth unit is equal to


A) $3.
B) $4.
C) $24.
D) -$4.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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A reduction in a monopolist's fixed costs would


A) decrease the profit-maximizing price and increase the profit-maximizing quantity produced.
B) increase the profit-maximizing price and decrease the profit-maximizing quantity produced.
C) not effect the profit-maximizing price or quantity.
D) possibly increase, decrease or not effect profit-maximizing price and quantity, depending on the elasticity of demand.

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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Scenario 15-10 Vincent operates a scenic tour business in Boston. He has one bus which can fit 50 people per tour and each tour lasts 2 hours. His total cost of operating one tour is fixed at $450. Vincent's cost is not reduced if he runs a tour with a partially full bus. While his cost is the same for all tours, Vincent charges each passenger his/her willingness to pay: adults $18 per trip, children $10 per trip, and senior citizens $12 per trip. At those rates, on a typical day Vincent's demand is: Scenario 15-10 Vincent operates a scenic tour business in Boston. He has one bus which can fit 50 people per tour and each tour lasts 2 hours. His total cost of operating one tour is fixed at $450. Vincent's cost is not reduced if he runs a tour with a partially full bus. While his cost is the same for all tours, Vincent charges each passenger his/her willingness to pay: adults $18 per trip, children $10 per trip, and senior citizens $12 per trip. At those rates, on a typical day Vincent's demand is:   Assume that Vincent's customers are always available for the tourΝΎ therefore, he can fill his bus for each tour as long as there is sufficient total demand for the day. -Refer to Scenario 15-10. Vincent is considering changing his pricing strategy. Which of the following options results in the highest profit per day? A)  Charge a single price of $10 to all passengers. B)  Charge a single price of $12 to all passengers. C)  Charge a single price of $18 to all passengers. D)  Continue charging each buyer his/her willingness to pay. Assume that Vincent's customers are always available for the tourΝΎ therefore, he can fill his bus for each tour as long as there is sufficient total demand for the day. -Refer to Scenario 15-10. Vincent is considering changing his pricing strategy. Which of the following options results in the highest profit per day?


A) Charge a single price of $10 to all passengers.
B) Charge a single price of $12 to all passengers.
C) Charge a single price of $18 to all passengers.
D) Continue charging each buyer his/her willingness to pay.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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For a profit-maximizing monopolist,


A) P > MR = MC.
B) P = MR = MC.
C) P > MR > MC.
D) MR < MC < P.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Because a monopolist is the sole producer in its market, it can necessarily alter the price of its good


A) (ii) only
B) (iii) only
C) (i) and (ii) only
D) (ii) and (iii) only

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Scenario 15-3 A monopoly firm maximizes its profit by producing Q = 500 units of output. At that level of output, its marginal revenue is $30, its average revenue is $60, and its average total cost is $34. -Refer to Scenario 15-3. The firm's profit-maximizing price is


A) $30.
B) between $30 and $34.
C) between $34 and $60.
D) $60.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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When the government creates a monopoly, the social loss may include


A) declining marginal costs.
B) the cost of lawyers and lobbyists hired to convince lawmakers to continue the monopoly.
C) excessive monopoly profits.
D) diminishing marginal revenue.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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A monopolist faces a


A) horizontal demand curve.
B) vertical demand curve.
C) downward-sloping demand curve.
D) U-shaped demand curve.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Table 15-21 Tommy's Tie Company, a monopolist, has the following cost and revenue information. Assume that Tommy's is able to engage in perfect price discrimination. Table 15-21 Tommy's Tie Company, a monopolist, has the following cost and revenue information. Assume that Tommy's is able to engage in perfect price discrimination.   -Refer to Table 15-21. If the monopolist can engage in perfect price discrimination, what is the average revenue when 7 ties are sold? A)  $90 B)  $100 C)  $110 D)  $130 -Refer to Table 15-21. If the monopolist can engage in perfect price discrimination, what is the average revenue when 7 ties are sold?


A) $90
B) $100
C) $110
D) $130

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

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Which of the following statements is correct for both a monopolist and a perfectly competitive firm?


A) (i) , (iii) , and (iv) only
B) (i) and (iv) only
C) (i) , (ii) , and (iv) only
D) (i) , (ii) , (iii) , and (iv)

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Which of the following is not one of the ways that antitrust laws promote competition?


A) Antitrust laws allow the government to prevent mergers.
B) Antitrust laws allow the government to break up companies into smaller ones.
C) Antitrust laws prevent companies from coordinating their activities in ways that make markets less competitive.
D) Antitrust laws allow the government to shut down any firm the government believes has monopoly power.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

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When a monopolist increases the amount of output that it produces and sells, average revenue


A) increases, and marginal revenue increases.
B) increases, and marginal revenue decreases.
C) decreases, and marginal revenue increases.
D) decreases, and marginal revenue decreases.

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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